All 99 Articles Chapter 2: Principles
For online services offered directly to children, consent is only valid if the child is at least 16 — or a lower age set by the member state, but never below 13. Below that, a parent must consent.
Key points
- Default digital age of consent is 16; member states may lower it to as low as 13.
- Controllers must make reasonable efforts to verify parental consent.
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These summaries are a plain-English orientation only and are not a substitute for the official text of the Regulation or for legal advice.
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