All 99 Articles Chapter 8: Remedies, Liability and Sanctions
The headline enforcement tool: fines up to €20 million or 4% of total worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher, with a lower tier of €10m / 2% for other breaches.
Key points
- Top tier: €20m or 4% of global annual turnover.
- Lower tier: €10m or 2% (e.g. records, security, breach notification).
- Fines must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.
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These summaries are a plain-English orientation only and are not a substitute for the official text of the Regulation or for legal advice.
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